What is Neurology?
Neurology is a specialized branch of medicine that deals with the study, diagnosis, treatment, and management of disorders related to the nervous system. The nervous system comprises the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves, which collectively control a wide range of vital functions within the body. These include sensory processing, motor control, cognition, emotion, and autonomic functions like breathing, heart rate, and digestion.
The brain is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as thinking, memory, learning, and emotions, while the spinal cord acts as a communication pathway between the brain and the rest of the body. The peripheral nerves relay signals from the spinal cord to different parts of the body, controlling movements and sending sensory information back to the brain.
Neurologists are medical professionals who specialize in diagnosing and treating neurological disorders, which can range from common conditions like headaches, migraines, and epilepsy, to more complex and severe diseases such as stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and spinal cord injuries.
What are the Types of Neurology?
Several different types of neurology focus on specific areas or conditions within the nervous system. However, the following are the main types of neurology:
General Neurology:
Focuses on diagnosing and treating common neurological conditions such as stroke, epilepsy, dementia, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson’s disease. Our team provides personalized treatment plans to help manage and improve the quality of life for patients.
Pediatric Neurology:
Specializes in addressing neurological issues in children, such as developmental delays, genetic disorders, and neurological conditions that affect behavior, movement, and cognitive abilities. Our pediatric neurologists ensure compassionate and specialized care tailored to children’s needs.
Neurosurgery:
Neurosurgery deals with conditions requiring surgical intervention, such as brain tumors, spinal cord injuries, and neurological trauma. Our advanced neurosurgical techniques aim to provide effective and minimally invasive treatment options for patients in need of surgery.
Neuro-oncology:
Focuses on diagnosing and treating tumors in the nervous system, including brain and spinal cord tumors. Our neuro-oncology specialists use cutting-edge treatments like targeted therapy and radiation to manage tumors effectively.
Clinical Neurophysiology:
This subspecialty involves diagnosing and treating conditions that impact the nervous system’s function, such as epilepsy, sleep disorders, and movement disorders. Our team utilizes advanced neurophysiological techniques to monitor and manage these conditions.
Neuromuscular Medicine:
Specializes in treating disorders of the muscles and nerves, including muscular dystrophy, peripheral neuropathy, and myasthenia gravis. Our specialists focus on improving muscle function and addressing the underlying causes of these neuromuscular conditions.
Neurology Diagnostic Tests:
There are several diagnostic tests that are commonly conducted in neurology. Here are some examples:
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
- Computed tomography (CT) scan
- Electroencephalogram (EEG)
- Nerve conduction studies (NCS)
- Electromyography (EMG)
- Lumbar puncture (spinal tap)
- Positron emission tomography (PET) scan
How is Neurological Disease Diagnosed at Onus Robotic Hospitals?
At Onus Robotic Hospitals, we recognize that neurological diseases can manifest through a wide range of symptoms, and accurate diagnosis is essential for determining the root cause and developing an effective treatment plan. Our experienced neurologists use advanced diagnostic tools and techniques to assess neurological conditions and provide precise evaluations.
What treatment options are available for neurological conditions?
- Medications
- Physical therapy
- Occupational therapy
- Speech therapy
- Surgery
- Deep brain stimulation
When should I see a neurologist?
You should see a neurologist if you experience persistent neurological symptoms, have complex health issues, or need specialized care for brain and nerve functions. It’s important to consult a neurologist if you notice unexplained dizziness or balance problems, severe headaches (even if you’re unsure whether they are migraines), or difficulties with movement, including trouble moving or involuntary movements like tremors. If you have seizures, numbness or tingling anywhere in your body, especially if it’s sudden or affects one side of your body, seek immediate medical attention as it could indicate a stroke. Additionally, if you struggle with chronic pain that your primary care doctor can’t manage, notice a decline in cognitive abilities, or observe unexplained changes in your personality, it’s essential to see a neurologist for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
